Atoms, Elements and Compounds

Describe one difference between the isotopes $^{32}_{16}\text{S}$ and $^{33}_{16}\text{S}$.

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Explain why all the isotopes of sulfur have the same chemical properties.

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Show by calculation that the relative atomic mass of sulfur for this sample is 32.09.

Describe one difference between the isotopes $^{46}_{22}\text{Ti}$ and $^{47}_{22}\text{Ti}$.

______

Explain why all the isotopes of titanium have the same chemical properties.

______

Show by calculation that the relative atomic mass of titanium for this sample is 47.84.

an atom of a noble gas

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an atom of an element that is used in food containers because of its resistance to corrosion

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an atom of an element in Group V of the Periodic Table

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an atom of an element in Period 3 of the Periodic Table

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an atom that forms a stable ion with a charge of 2–.

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Deduce the number of protons and neutrons in the vanadium atom shown.

number of protons = ______
number of neutrons = ______

State the number of neutrons in $^{35}_{17}\text{Cl}$.

______

State the number of electrons in $^{35}_{17}\text{Cl}^-$.

______

$^{39}_{19}\text{K}$ is the full symbol for one isotope of potassium.

Suggest the full symbol for one other isotope of potassium.

______

Describe how a potassium ion, $\text{K}^+$, is formed from a potassium atom, $\text{K}$.

______

Explain why potassium chloride has a high melting point.

______

Predict two other physical properties of potassium chloride.

1. ______
2. ______

State the nucleon number for $^{79}_{35}\text{Br}$.

______

State the number of electrons in $^{79}_{35}\text{Br}^-$.

______

$^{40}_{20}\text{Ca}$ is the full symbol for one isotope of calcium.

Write the full symbol for one other isotope of calcium.

______

Describe how a calcium ion, $\text{Ca}^{2+}$, is formed from a calcium atom, $\text{Ca}$.

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Explain why calcium bromide conducts electricity when molten but not when solid.

______

Predict two other physical properties of calcium bromide.

1. ______
2. ______

a sodium atom

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an atom of a reactive non-metallic element

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an atom with a proton (atomic) number of 12

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an atom of a noble gas which is used to fill balloons

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an atom which forms a noble gas electronic configuration when it gains two electrons

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Deduce the number of neutrons in one atom of this isotope of chlorine.

______

Chlorine has diatomic molecules.

What is the meaning of the term diatomic?

______

a sulfur atom

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a metal atom

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an atom with a proton number of 14

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an atom of a noble gas with three occupied electron shells

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an atom which forms a noble gas electronic configuration when it loses two electrons

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What is the meaning of the term isotopes?

______

Deduce the number of neutrons in one atom of this isotope of germanium.

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Atoms and ions contain three types of sub-atomic particle.

Complete the table about these sub-atomic particles.

What is the nucleon number for particle A?

______

Explain why particle B is a negative ion.

______

Which two atoms are isotopes of the same element?

______ and ______

Explain your answer.

______

Complete the table.

What is meant by the term isotopes?

______

Identify two atoms which are isotopes of the same element.

______ and ______