The Nuclear Atom

Each diagram shows the nucleus of an atom.

Which diagrams show isotopes of the same element?

Options

A   1 and 2
B   1 and 4
C   2 and 3
D   3 and 4

During fission, a nucleus of uranium-235 (U-235) absorbs one neutron to produce two daughter nuclei and three neutrons.

Krypton-92 (Kr-92) is one of the daughter nuclei and it contains 92 nucleons.

How many nucleons does the other daughter nucleus contain?

Options

A   92
B   141
C   144
D   327

Which row gives the sign of the charge on the nucleus of an atom and the sign of the charge of an electron?

Options

Four statements about an atom are listed.

1. The atom has a nucleus surrounded by positively charged electrons.
2. Most of the atom is empty space.
3. The nucleus is positively charged.
4. The nucleus is very large compared with the rest of the atom.

Which statements are correct?

Options

A   1 and 2
B   1 and 4
C   2 and 3
D   3 and 4

Alpha particles are directed at a thin gold foil.

Only a very small proportion of the alpha particles are deflected through very large angles.

Which fact about the nuclei of the gold atoms is not a conclusion of this experiment?

Options

A   They are surrounded by mostly empty space.
B   They are very small.
C   They contain most of the mass of the atom.
D   They contain protons and neutrons.

Which particle has the smallest mass?

Options

A   alpha particle
B   electron
C   neutron
D   proton

Which two atoms are isotopes of the same element?

Options

A   1 and 2
B   1 and 4
C   2 and 4
D   3 and 4

Which row identifies the positive and negative particles in the atom?

Options

The nuclide notation of a certain isotope of element Q is $^{R}_{Z}\text{Q}$.

What is the total number of protons, neutrons and electrons in a neutral atom of this isotope?

Options

A   $Z$
B   $R$
C   $Z + R$
D   $2Z + R$

Which statement about the nuclide notation $^{R}_{Z}\text{X}$ is correct?

Options

A   $R$ is the nucleon number which is different for different isotopes of $\text{X}$.
B   $R$ is the proton number which is the same for different isotopes of $\text{X}$.
C   $Z$ is the nucleon number which is the same for different isotopes of $\text{X}$.
D   $Z$ is the proton number which is different for different isotopes of $\text{X}$.