Earth and the Solar System

The orbital speed of a planet around the Sun is $v$ and its orbital period is $T$.

Jupiter is further from the Sun than the Earth.

Which planet has the greater value for $v$ and which planet has the greater value for $T$?

Options

What is the Earth’s position in the order of planets from the Sun?

Options

A   closest planet to the Sun
B   second closest planet to the Sun
C   third closest planet to the Sun
D   fourth closest planet to the Sun

Where in the Solar System is the asteroid belt?

Options

A   between the Sun and Mercury
B   between Venus and the Earth
C   between Mars and Jupiter
D   between Uranus and Neptune

The planets in the Solar System orbit the Sun.

Which statement is correct?

Options

A   There is a force on each planet away from the Sun.
B   There is a force on each planet in the direction in which it travels.
C   There is a force on each planet opposite to the direction in which it travels.
D   There is a force on each planet towards the Sun.

Which statement about the Earth is correct?

Options

A   It has an elliptical orbit around the Sun.
B   It is a star that takes approximately 365 days to orbit the Sun.
C   It rotates on its axis once every 28 hours.
D   It orbits the Moon exactly once a year.

Which statement is correct?

Options

A   The orbital speed of the Earth around the Sun is: $\frac{2\pi \times \text{average diameter of the orbit}}{\text{orbital period}}$.
B   The orbit of the Earth around the Sun is an ellipse.
C   The Moon takes approximately one month to orbit the Sun.
D   Light from the Sun takes 5.0 minutes to reach the Earth.

A satellite orbits a planet in a circular path as shown. It has constant speed.

There is a force on the satellite due to the planet.

In which direction is the force on the satellite when it is in the position shown?

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Which list shows the planets in order of increasing distance from the Sun?

Options

A   Venus, Mercury, Earth, Mars, Saturn, Jupiter, Uranus, Neptune
B   Mercury, Mars, Earth, Venus, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
C   Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
D   Mercury, Mars, Earth, Venus, Uranus, Saturn, Jupiter, Neptune

A student writes four statements about the Solar System.

1. Light takes approximately $3.0 \times 10^8\text{ seconds}$ to travel from the Sun to the Earth.
2. The Earth takes approximately 24 hours to rotate on its axis once.
3. The Moon takes approximately 1 month to orbit the Earth.
4. The Sun takes approximately 365 days to orbit the Earth.

Which statements are correct?

Options

A   1 and 2
B   2, 3 and 4
C   2 and 3 only
D   3 and 4 only

It takes $27\ \text{days}$ for the Moon to orbit the Earth.

The average value of the radius of the Moon’s orbit is $3.8 \times 10^8\ \text{m}$.

What is the average orbital speed of the Moon?

Options

A   $160\ \text{m / s}$
B   $1000\ \text{m / s}$
C   $1.4 \times 10^8\ \text{m / s}$
D   $8.8 \times 10^8\ \text{m / s}$