The Pauling electronegativity values of elements can be used to predict the chemical properties of compounds. Use the information in Table 1.1 to answer the following questions. Table 1.1 element H Li C O S --- --- --- --- --- --- Pauling electronegativity value 2.1 1.0 2.5 3.5 2.6 first ionisation energy / $\text{kJ mol}^{-1}$ 1310 519 1090 1310 1000 second ionisation energy / $\text{kJ mol}^{-1}$ — 7300 2350 3390 2260 (i) Define electronegativity. (ii) O and S are in Group…

Chemistry 9701/22 — February/March 2023

Cambridge AS Level · AS Level Structured Questions · worked solutions for every part, with the mark scheme

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Topics Chemical Bonding · Atoms, Molecules and Stoichiometry · Hydroxy Compounds · Atomic Structure · Nitrogen and Sulfur · States of Matter · +13 more

Q1Chemical BondingAtomic StructureNitrogen and SulfurStates of MatterFree sample

The Pauling electronegativity values of elements can be used to predict the chemical properties of compounds.

Use the information in Table 1.1 to answer the following questions.

Table 1.1

element	H	Li	C	O	S
Pauling electronegativity value	2.1	1.0	2.5	3.5	2.6
first ionisation energy / $\text{kJ mol}^{-1}$	1310	519	1090	1310	1000
second ionisation energy / $\text{kJ mol}^{-1}$	—	7300	2350	3390	2260

(a)

(i)

Define electronegativity.

(ii)

O and S are in Group 16.

Explain the difference in the Pauling electronegativity values of O and S.

(b)

(i)

LiH is an ionic compound.

Draw a dot-and-cross diagram of LiH.

Include all electrons.

(ii)

Suggest the shape of a molecule of $\text{H}_2\text{S}$ .

(c)

(i)

Write an equation that represents the first ionisation energy of H.

(ii)

Explain why there is no information given in Table 1.1 for the second ionisation energy of H.

(iii)

Give the full electronic configuration of $\text{S}^{2+}(\text{g})$ .

(d)

CO $_2$ and SO $_2$ are acidic gases.

(i)

Write an equation for the reaction of $\text{SO}_2$ with $\text{H}_2\text{O}$ .

(ii)

Write an equation for the reaction of $\text{SO}_2$ with NaOH.

(iii)

Construct an equation for the reaction of $\text{CO}_2$ with $\text{Mg(OH)}_2$ .

(e)

(i)

Complete Table 1.2 by placing a tick (✓) to show which of the compounds have molecules with an overall dipole moment.

Table 1.2

compound	O=C=O	O=S=O	S=C=S	S=C=O
overall dipole moment

(ii)

At $150\text{ }^\circ\text{C}$ and $103\text{ kPa}$ , all of the compounds listed in Table 1.2 are gases.

Under these conditions, $0.284\text{ g}$ of one of the compounds occupies a volume of $127\text{ cm}^3$ .

Use this information to calculate the $M_r$ of the compound. Hence, identify the compound from those given in Table 1.2.

Show your working.

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